From the Field: Kale

CUpS: Cooking Fresh

Ivy Manning; cookbook author and culinary expert talking to Shari Sirkin about Kale.

In an effort to learn where our food comes from, and to inspire more fresh, seasonal cooking, this two-part video series, with Cookbook author Ivy Manning, goes into the field, and back into the kitchen, for a round-trip exploration of Pacific Northwest kale. In this segment, Manning visits Shari Sirkin of Dancing Roots Farm in Troutdale, Oregon to investigate Kale from a farmer’s perspective in the midst of harvesting it. Next week— Ivy Manning goes into the kitchen to demonstrate how to prepare an incredibly tasty meal, using this fresh kale, and a few other simple ingredients.  Manning also shares the following written thoughts about Kale:

Tuscan black, cavalo nero, lacinato, dinosaur. One of my favorite vegetables goes by many names, and by any name, it tastes sweet. At least in the coldest months of winter. That’s when the deep blue-green, ostrich feather-shaped leaves of this, and all varieties of kale are at their most abundant and flavorful.

Just as everything else in the garden is languishing in the cold, the brassica oleracea family (which includes flowering kale, white, red, and curly kale varieties) thrives in the nippy weather, supplying our kitchens with a fresh, tender green when we’ve had our fill of root vegetables. I first learned of lacinato kale working in Italy, where the leaves where stripped from their tough stems, chopped and shoved by huge handfuls into pots of minestrone. “Cavolo nero, it likes to be cooked with beans. It’s a bean-green,” I was told by the chef I was assisting.

Field of Kale-Dancing Roots Farm

I took the chef’s word and used lacinato kale exclusively in soups, simmering it until it became a silky slip of a green. Until one day, I had a hankering for Southern greens over cornbread. I didn’t have collard greens on hand, but I did have a fresh bunch of lacinato kale, so I cooked as I would collard or mustard greens—sautéed in bacon fat with onions, garlic, and a pinch of chili flakes. Lacinato cooked in a quarter of the time collards usually take, and the deep, rich flavor and almost meaty texture had me smitten. The “bean green” easily slipped its way into my culinary repertoire as a favorite winter vegetable with endless applications. It’s great in soups, yes, but try it sautéed in olive oil or bacon fat and garlic with a pinch of red pepper flakes, blanch it and add it to stuffing, wok-fry it and dress it with sesame oil and soy sauce, marinated it raw in vinaigrette for a winter salad– the possibilities are endless. Before you head into the kitchen to become acquainted with these tall dark and handsome leaves, you’ll want to keep a few things in mind:

  1. Choose small to medium leaves, and avoid bunches of lacinato kale that have yellowed or wilting leaves.
  2. Wash the leaves in a sink full of cool water. If you find any powdery bugs on the underside of the leaves, dissolve a few tablespoons of salt in the water and soak for ten minutes; the bugs will jump ship.
  3. Store all kale varieties in a plastic bag in the coldest part of the refrigerator and use it within a few days—kale will begin to break down and loose its fresh flavor quickly.
  4. Tear the dark leaves away from the tough center rib/stem; the rib/stems do not break down while cooking. Use the rib/stems for stocks or compost.

Stayed tuned for the companion Cooking Fresh video— To the Kitchen: Twice Baked Potatoes with Kale!

Ivy Manning is the author of The Farm to Table Cookbook and The Adaptable Feast. She also writes the “Vegetarian Flavors” column in the Oregonian FoodDay and is a frequent contributor to Cooking Light and Bon Appetite magazine. Visit her website and blog.

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Raj Patel: Food Sovereignty

Cooking Up a Story: Food News

Part 2: Raj Patel, author of The Value of Nothing, explains what food sovereignty means, and why people around the world are fighting to have a say in their own food system. This is as much a fight for social and economic justice as it is a fight to protect the environment, along with the ability of communities, states, and nations to determine their own food and agriculture policies.

Using Haiti as a tragic example of misguided U.S. foreign policy, the country used to grow their own rice before our international trade policies helped Haiti to become more dependent on other nations to feed their own people.

Lest one begins to think food sovereignty only applies to developing nations, Patel explains it’s a problem here at home, as well. He refers to the plight of the tomato pickers in South Florida to be paid a living wage. During the winter months, most of the fresh tomatoes consumed in the U.S. comes from these tomato fields. The Immokalee tomato pickers have faced cruel and exploitative working conditions for years; 1/4 of them live below the poverty line. Over the years, about 1000 South Florida Immokalee pickers have been freed by authorities from what can only be described as modern slave conditions. In this example, how do we define food sovereignty as it relates to economic exploitation? In the name of free market enterprise, how far as a nation do we allow economic exploitation of our own people, and by extension, through our foreign policies and international trade laws, impose our free market values against the interests of other sovereign nations? From such a system, who truly profits, and who truly loses?

In Patel’s analysis of this struggle, food sovereignty is a deep problem that impacts social, environmental and economic concerns. He argues, our free market driven economy only exists because of the huge subsidies that are extracted from nature, and disproportionately, from women—the true costs inflicted upon the environment and upon societies remain largely a separate tab, unclaimed, and continuing to mount.

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Oregon Food Bank Needs Your Help: Blog For Food 2010 Campaign Begins

Blog For Food February 15-March 15, 2010

From February 15 through March 15, 2010, the Blog For Food Campaign, a coordinated effort of participating Oregon bloggers, seeks to help Oregon Food Bank (OFB) raise funds to address the rising (and alarming) levels of hunger and food insecurity in the state.

Sadly, Oregon has joined the ranks of four other states (Mississippi, Maine, Oklahoma and Missouri) with the highest percentage of hunger (very low food security) in the nation. The latest data released from the USDA shows that between January 2006 and December 2008, almost 7% of Oregon households faced periods of time when they went hungry without being able to purchase food. This data doesn’t reflect the most recent period from 2009 to the present, where the economic downturn has increased sharply. According to the OFB website, the USDA data indicates: “nationally, 49-million Americans, including nearly 17-million children, lived in households that were food insecure in 2008 – up from 36.2 million in 2007 and 33.2 million in 2000.”

It should be pointed out, in the compiling of this statistical data, the USDA attaches labels that describe the following ranges of food security:

Source: USDA Economic Research Service

Oregon Food Bank is the central support hub of a statewide network of more than 900 local partner agencies that serve all of Oregon, and Clark County in Washington. OFB and its state network now distributes record amounts of food to families reeling from the economic throes of one of the deepest recessions within living memory.

For those wishing to contribute money, please add this note “blog for food” in the section “In Honor of” on the Food Bank donation page (the second form page), so that the campaign totals may be accurately compiled.

For those around the country wishing to help their own local food bank, Feeding America has a Food Bank Locator.

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U.S. Adopts National Organic Standards: Victory for All, but…

[Editor's Note: This is part six of Mark Keating's ongoing history of the origins and evolution of organic agriculture; how the organic community and the USDA eventually came together to create the national organic standards; their subsequent implementation; and the fallout felt through to the present day.]

“Democracy is the worst form of government you can live with, until you’ve tried all the rest.”—Winston Churchill

How the Purity of Product Came to Triumph Over the Integrity of Process
The USDA rolled out its first proposal for national organic standards in late 1997 and within weeks the verdict was decisive: universal repudiation, to put it mildly. The Department typically received scores, maybe a few hundred public comments on its draft regulations. The torrent of comment on the organic standards poured in by the thousands per day and ultimately exceeded 275,000 with maybe 4 having anything complimentary to say. A realist by nature, USDA Secretary Dan Glickman found religion and promised to do right the next time around. Indeed, the Secretary was so sensitized by the backlash that he committed the USDA to issuing a second draft proposal for additional comment before finalizing the standards.

Reflecting his good faith, the Secretary appointed the widely respected Kathleen Merrigan as Administrator of the Agricultural Marketing Service to lead this initiative. When asked what made the concert promoter Bill Graham special, Grace Slick of the Jefferson Airplane commented that “He was one of them and he was one of us.” Merrigan (now the Deputy Secretary of Agriculture) earned similar standing; she was solidly connected in DC as a whip smart Hill staffer who gained the trust of the grassroots community while drafting the Organic Foods Production Act (OFPA) (PDF). The USDA also brought in Keith Jones, a savvy veteran of the Texas Department of Agriculture’s successful certification program to run the day to day operations of the National Organic Program (NOP). The Secretary made it clear that he wanted the job done and done right before he left office at the end of the Clinton Administration. Once he signaled support, the mid- and upper-level bureaucrats who had gone through the motions for five years on the first proposal became much better at returning phone calls and solving problems.

What did the organic community find so objectionable in the first proposal? Pretty much everything. The provisions for managing crops and livestock seemed paper-thin and lacked the rigor and complexity that people associated with the private and state certification programs. For example, livestock could receive 80% organic feed and still be certified when existing certification programs had raised the bar to a 100% requirement. Provisions for confining livestock were so vague that the public concluded that USDA couldn’t think outside the factory farm box. The crop standards featured an “order of preference” approach that allowed farmers to implement less desirable practices if preferable ones proved too difficult. Was USDA suggesting that organic meant settling for less than the best? The proposed standards also seemed riddled with deficiencies and loopholes that increased the risk of prohibited synthetic substances slipping into the system. Read More »

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Thermal Banking: Cold Storage

SARE Logo The thermal banking technology that Steven Schwen uses in his innovative greenhouse (see Sustainable Energy: Thermal Banking Greenhouse Design) applies not only to conservation of heat, but to cold storage and refrigeration. In this short companion video, Schwen discusses his plans for an ice house at his farm in Minnesota, and how this project is a logical extension of his energy conservation strategy. When completed, the ice house will provide cold storage and a comfortable place for packing his produce during warm summer months.

The Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE) program’s mission is to advance—to the whole of American agriculture—innovations that improve profitability, stewardship and quality of life by investing in groundbreaking research and education. SARE is proud of its connections to farming communities across the country and encourages those who wish to learn more to visit SARE. SARE is funded by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, USDA.

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Farmer Don-In His Own Words

Carnival Squash

Part of the reason pesticides are widely used in agriculture comes down to the general preferences of the average American consumer. Farmer Don, a local Portland farmer who grows and sells a variety of fresh foods explains the fussiness some people exhibit toward fruits and vegetables—they won’t buy if something is blemished or has any insect holes. As he tries to explain, imperfection is a part of nature, and an insect boring into (say) an apple causes only a cosmetic harm. Using less pesticides reduces the risks of contamination to the surrounding environment, and also less exposure to farm workers, and ultimately to eaters.

Check out this related video about farmer Don: Sunflower Seeds Forever

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